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Friday 4 January 2013

0 Earthquake-A major natural disasater and precautions during it

Friends today i would like to inform you all regarding the earthquakes.why they happens,reason behind them, their adverse effects and lastly what are the things you need to do and what not to do during earthquakes.
   Earthquake:-
earthquakes could be defined as a sudden and devastating movements or shaking of the uppermost layer of the earth.
*earth quakes are most devastating leading to a huge loss of lives, money and property.
*it leads to a huge and unpredictable loss to the countries and governments.

reasons of occurrence:- it could be due to
1. increased absorption of heat by the earth .
2.  increased pressure over the surface which could be due to huge buildings, constructions etc
3. increased cosmic waves from the core of earth.
4.surface imbalance over the surface.
5. increased cutting of the trees and forests.
6. environmental destruction's.
7.  increased technological improvements and their improper use.

adverse effects of it:-
1. huge loss of man, money and materials.
2. increased poverty and crisis.
3. damage to livelihood.
4. huge loss to the government and country.
5. family breakdowns .
6. increased crimes due to various causes such as poverty.
7. decreased growth of the country.
8.  increased illnesses.



what to do during earthquakes:-

1. During earthquakes,things kept above the head such fans, articles, rods, stools,tables, anything which could cause less or more damage to us due to their fall should be avoided. overhead light fixtures are the most common items to fall, causing damage or injury.hence try covering head by seeking under strong surfaces such as iron beds.
2. water being the most important thing during crisis. we may not able to get a single drop of water during any natural or man made disasters. so better we should store drinking water in sufficient amounts. The water heater may be your best source of drinkable water following an earthquake.Protect it from damage and leaks.
3.  After an earthquake, broken gas lines such as lpg gas at home or underground gas lines frequently create fire hazards. hence try to avoid them by switching them off correctly or be away from them as much as possible.
4. or else always keep flexible pipelines or use them more because. Flexible fittings will be less likely to break.
5. earthquakes can change small cracks into a big one or just break them off. so  Get expert advice if there are signs of structural defects. try to construct good durable and strong houses or constructions as any kind of their weakness could lead to loss of your life.
6. Check whether  your house is bolted to its foundation in proper manner particularly in areas where earthquakes are common. Homes and buildings bolted to their foundations or having a deep foundation are less likely to be severely damaged during earthquakes. Houses with improper  foundations are at risk , and many have been destroyed because they are uninhabitable.
7.  construct your houses with advse from a good engineers with safety from earthquakes or try to built your houses where earthquakes are less likely.
 8.move to safe place. 
9. call for help and be away from walls.
10. all family members should remain at a single place so help can be offered to each other.

11.If you are in bed, hold on and stay there, protecting your head with a pillow.
12. If you are outdoors, find a clears pot away from buildings, trees, streetlights, and power lines.
13.  If you are in a vehicle, pull over to a clear location, stop and stay there with your seat belt fastened until the shaking has stopped. Trees, power lines, poles, street signs, and other overhead items may fall during earthquakes. .
14. don't be indoors as you may suffer injuries from the fall of hose hold articles or the house itself. try to be out as soon as possible.
15. always keep a bag with you containing a radio, i.d card. photos,1st aid box, water bottles and some edibles with you or at home always.

16. Stay away from windows. Windows can shatter with such force that you can be injured several feet away.
17.always keep fire extinguishers at home and office.
18.  If you are in a coastal area, move to higher ground. Tsunamis are often created by earthquakes.
19. If you are in a mountainous area or near unstable slopes or cliffs, be alert for falling rocks and other debris that could be loosened by the earthquake. Landslides commonly happen after earthquakes.
20. lastly, be confident and always try to help others and save their lives, try to contact help centers and move to them as soon as possible.

what not to do?
1. don't stand near tree or high tension wire cables.
2. preserve water and keep it with you always. use it with care.
3. don't be alone.
4. don't stand at a single place , search for help?
5. leave you signs for others to find you.
6. don't drink salt water or sea water.
7. love to help others.
8. keep some edibles with you always.
9. don't fear , abolish your anxiety and be confident that you will live safely.
10. lastly don't be over smart and read the whole article again and again as it may help you in your future.
and visit my blog for more of this kind of important and necessary, lifesaving information.
comment , reply to my mail at:  rsssamly@gmail.com
or else you may visit m YouTube channel for some good educational videos.
: http://www.youtube.com/user/rsssamly
thank you friends for your kind help. please share this information with your friends.take care

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