Ø Oleanders you almost have seen it but have never thought of it. Being
a medico what I knew is that every particle is a poison until and unless it
exceeds it normal limit.
Ø Yes oleanders are also poisonous and are fatal if consumed a little
more.
Ø Usually not all oleanders are poisonous, only yellow oleander is
fatal. It is also known as thevetia Peruvian.
Ø The oleander plant contains glycosides which resemble digitoxin, a
cardiac glycoside.
Ø Hence it poisonous effects mainly over the heart.
Symptoms
or clinical features
v Within 3 hours the symptoms start causing mainly gastro intestinal
symptoms.
v Symptoms include: nausea, vomiting, diarrhoea and abdominal pains.
v Others symptoms belong to cardiac origin which includes: heart
rates reduce, and the patient may become anxious.
v
Some other features
include: dizziness, numbness, tingling, restlessness, hypotension and also
abdominal cramps may also occur.
Lab
investigations
v Hyperkalaemia and acidosis develops.
v Hyperkalaemia means increased concentration of free potassium responsible
for cardiac symptoms.
v Digoxin is estimated by radioimmunoassay.
treatment
Management of the
oleander poisoning mainly includes supportive management as there is no any
antidote available.
Fluid, electrolyte balance
& acid base disturbances need to be corrected.
Gastric emptying is
done immediately.
Activated charcoal
is given repeatedly.
Atropine corrects
all the cardiac defects including bradycardia & arrhythmias.
If ventricular tachy-
arrhythmias are present then a drug named lidocaine is given.
If the poisoning is
very severe then digoxin specific Fab antibody fragments is provided.
Note:
Ø This information for medical students & other medicos is only
for immediate information and to help them to revise them quickly but it’s my
personal advice that please refers standard books over the subject as it
provides you with latest and best information.
Ø This information is too from medical standard books and journals
but before their application you need to be very careful.
Ø Hence it’s better that you should take help of established doctors and
experts before applications of such knowledge available over the internet.
Ø Apply on your own risk.
Ø Absolute precaution’s is not responsible for any complication which
you come across by application of such knowledge.
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